100 Fill in the Blanks with Appropriate Prepositions | Practice Exercises with Answers

This set of 100 questions is made for students of classes 10–12. The exercises are based on common and tricky uses of prepositions like those found in standard grammar references. Work section by section. Answers are hidden under each section so you can check after attempting the questions.

Contents

• Time prepositions (10)
• Place prepositions (10)
• Movement & direction (10)
• Agent / instrument / means (10)
• Prepositions with verbs (10)
• Prepositions with adjectives (10)
• Prepositions with nouns (10)
• Idiomatic prepositions (10)
• Choose the correct preposition (10)
• Mixed challenge (10)

Time prepositions (10)

1. We met her ___ the morning of the exam.
2. The shop opens ___ 9 a.m. ___ weekdays.
3. He finished the project just ___ the deadline.
4. The lecture begins ___ five minutes.
5. She has been studying here ___ 2018.
6. They will return ___ the course of the week.
7. We stayed there ___ two nights.
8. Please submit the form ___ Friday ___ noon.
9. He was born ___ the year 2005.
10. The meeting takes place ___ the first Monday ___ every month.

Answers — click to reveal

1. in
2. at / on
3. before
4. in
5. since
6. in
7. for
8. by / at
9. in
10. on / of

Place prepositions (10)

1. She left her bag ___ the back of the chair.
2. The picture hangs ___ the fireplace.
3. There is a shop ___ the corner of the street.
4. They live ___ 12 Baker Street.
5. Keep the vase ___ the centre of the table.
6. The cat is hiding ___ the bed.
7. He stood ___ the crowd and shouted.
8. The keys are ___ my pocket.
9. They walked ___ the edge of the cliff.
10. The museum is located ___ the river.

Answers — click to reveal

1. at / on (either depending on dialect; "on the back of the chair" common)
2. above / over
3. on
4. at
5. in
6. under
7. in / among
8. in
9. along
10. by / on

Movement & direction (10)

1. She walked ___ the gate and disappeared.
2. The ball rolled ___ the hill.
3. They drove ___ the bridge into town.
4. He jumped ___ the pool.
5. Put the books ___ the shelf.
6. The train goes ___ Delhi ___ Agra.
7. She climbed ___ the ladder carefully.
8. We sailed ___ the island and anchored.
9. He ran ___ the finish line.
10. The bird flew ___ the tree.

Answers — click to reveal

1. through / out of (context decides; "through the gate" common)
2. down
3. over / across (depending on bridge type)
4. into / over (into the pool is typical)
5. on / onto
6. from / to
7. up
8. to / towards
9. past / across (commonly "past the finish line")
10. into / over (usually "into the tree" not correct — prefer "into" for collision, "over" to fly above; best: "to" the tree)

Note: some items accept more than one preposition depending on nuance; both common answers are listed.

Agent / instrument / means (10)

1. The letter was written ___ Maria.
2. The house was painted ___ a brush.
3. He travelled to school ___ bicycle.
4. The report was prepared ___ the committee.
5. She was hit ___ a stray ball.
6. The cake was cut ___ a knife.
7. They were saved ___ the timely help of neighbours.
8. The song was composed ___ him.
9. The key was turned ___ his hand.
10. She learnt the news ___ a friend.

Answers — click to reveal

1. by
2. with
3. by / on (by bicycle or on a bicycle — both used)
4. by
5. by
6. with
7. with / by (both possible; "by the timely help" is idiomatic)
8. by
9. by
10. from

Prepositions with verbs (10)

1. She apologised ___ being late.
2. They insisted ___ waiting until dawn.
3. He succeeded ___ convincing the board.
4. She is looking forward ___ the holiday.
5. He is keen ___ joining the club.
6. They complained ___ the noise.
7. We agreed ___ the terms.
8. She dreams ___ becoming a scientist.
9. He blamed her ___ the mistake.
10. They laughed ___ his joke.

Answers — click to reveal

1. for / about (both used; "for being late" common)
2. on
3. in
4. to
5. on
6. about
7. to
8. of / about (common: "dreams of")
9. for
10. at

Prepositions with adjectives (10)

1. She is afraid ___ the dark.
2. He is jealous ___ his brother.
3. They were pleased ___ the result.
4. She is proud ___ her achievement.
5. He is famous ___ his paintings.
6. They are dependent ___ their parents.
7. She is satisfied ___ the outcome.
8. He is short ___ patience.
9. They are similar ___ their approach.
10. She was absent ___ the meeting.

Answers — click to reveal

1. of / about (British: "afraid of" is common; "afraid of the dark")
2. of
3. with
4. of
5. for / with (common: "famous for")
6. on / upon (commonly "dependent on")
7. with
8. of
9. to / in (common: "similar in")
10. from (or "absent from")

Prepositions with nouns (10)

1. He has a habit ___ arriving late.
2. There is a chance ___ rain tomorrow.
3. She made an attempt ___ solving it.
4. He took advantage ___ the offer.
5. They had no intention ___ leaving early.
6. There is a difference ___ theory and practice.
7. He has no respect ___ cheaters.
8. The issue is beyond the scope ___ this chapter.
9. There was a delay ___ the train.
10. They expressed their interest ___ the project.

Answers — click to reveal

1. of
2. of
3. at / in (common: "attempt at" or "attempt to" — with noun, "attempt at" is usual)
4. of
5. of
6. between
7. for
8. of
9. to / in (commonly "delay to" is less common; best: "delay in the train" or "delay of the train" — standard: "delay to the train" used in reports)
10. in

Idiomatic prepositions (10)

1. She burst ___ tears when she heard the news.
2. He is up ___ mischief again.
3. She is on good terms ___ her neighbours.
4. He is out ___ work this week.
5. She is on the point ___ leaving.
6. They are on the verge ___ an agreement.
7. He is under the impression ___ being late is acceptable.
8. She is at a loss ___ words.
9. He is off ___ a short trip.
10. They are in need ___ help.

Answers — click to reveal

1. into
2. to (or "up to mischief" — "up to" is the phrase)
3. with
4. of / from (common: "out of work" or "out of a job")
5. of
6. of
7. that (this is a preposition-like phrase; "under the impression that")
8. for
9. on
10. of

Choose the correct preposition (10)

1. She excelled ___ / ___ / ___ mathematics. (in / at / on)
2. They prevented him ___ / ___ / ___ leaving. (from / to / of)
3. Are you aware ___ / ___ / ___ the change? (of / about / to)
4. He insisted ___ / ___ / ___ paying the bill. (on / for / with)
5. She blamed him ___ / ___ / ___ the loss. (for / of / at)
6. The children were full ___ / ___ / ___ energy. (with / of / at)
7. He is similar ___ / ___ / ___ his father. (to / with / in)
8. They succeeded ___ / ___ / ___ the plan. (in / on / at)
9. The film is based ___ / ___ / ___ a true story. (on / upon / in)
10. He abstained ___ / ___ / ___ voting. (from / of / on)

Answers — click to reveal

1. in / at / on → in, at (best: "in mathematics" or "at mathematics competitions" — accept "in")
2. from
3. of / about → of / about (both possible; "aware of" most common)
4. on
5. for
6. of
7. to
8. in
9. on / upon → on / upon (both correct)
10. from

Mixed challenge (10)

1. She divided the cake ___ five equal pieces.
2. He spoke ___ behalf ___ the whole team.
3. They arrived ___ the airport just in time ___ the flight.
4. She was charged ___ theft ___ the police.
5. We will meet ___ the corner ___ the school gate.
6. He consented ___ the proposal ___ hesitation.
7. The child is prone ___ allergies ___ dust.
8. She was ashamed ___ her behaviour ___ the party.
9. He refrained ___ answering the question ___ respect for privacy.
10. The task is beyond the capacity ___ a single person.

Answers — click to reveal

1. into / into five equal pieces (or "into five" is standard)
2. on / of
3. at / for
4. with / by (commonly "charged with theft by the police")
5. at / of (or "at the corner of the school gate")
6. to / without (common: "consented to the proposal without hesitation")
7. to / to (prone to allergies to dust — wording: "prone to allergies from dust" better)
8. of / at (commonly "ashamed of her behaviour at the party")
9. from / out of (common: "refrained from answering ... out of respect")
10. of

How to use this sheet: attempt each section without checking the answers. Open the relevant answer panel when you want to confirm. For further practice, try writing your own sentences with the same prepositions and ask a peer to check them.

Evans Tries An O-Level - English Core - Class XII - MCQs - Summary Q&A Solved

About the Author

Colin Dexter first saw the light of day in Stamford, Lincolnshire, where his parents, Alfred and Dorothy Dexter, welcomed him into the world. In his family constellation were an elder brother named John, who, like Colin, was a connoisseur of classics and taught the subject at The King's School in Peterborough. A sister by the name of Avril also graced the family. Alfred, the patriarch, operated a modest garage and taxi establishment located on Scotgate in Stamford.

Dexter's educational journey began at St. John's Infants School, followed by Bluecoat Junior School, where his academic prowess earned him a scholarship to Stamford School—a prestigious boys' public institution. It was here that he encountered M. J. K. Smith, renowned not only as England's international cricket captain but also as a prominent figure in international rugby.

The year 1996 brought recognition to Dexter in the form of a Macavity Award for his compelling short story "Evans Tries an O-Level." In 1980, he received the honor of becoming a member of the exclusive Detection Club through invitation only. An important milestone occurred in 2005 when Dexter was granted the distinction of being elected as a Fellow by Special Election at St Cross College, Oxford.

Dexter's contributions to literature were acknowledged in 2000 with the bestowal of an Officer of the Order of the British Empire title. The year 2001 further added to his accolades as he was granted the esteemed Freedom of the City of Oxford. September 2011 marked a notable occasion, as the University of Lincoln conferred upon Dexter an honorary Doctor of Letters degree—a testament to his influence and achievements.

Theme

The story "Evans Tries an 'O' Level" centers around a clever plan orchestrated by a prisoner. This prisoner pretends to be participating in a language exam while actually using it as a ruse to carry out a daring escape from prison. What's noteworthy is that even though the prisoner gets caught in the process, he still manages to outwit his captors and ultimately succeeds in making his escape. This adds an element of irony to the situation, as the prisoner's escape becomes a surprising twist despite the obstacles he faces.

Justification of the Title

In the narrative, the term "O-Level" pertains to a fundamental examination. This specific test serves as the focal point of Evans' triumphant escape. It's under the pretext of participating in the O-level exam for the German language that Evans strategizes and effectively carries out his successful getaway.

Characters

1. The secretary of the examinations board.
2. The Governor of the H.M. Prison Oxford.
3. James Roderick Evans (Popularly known as Evans the break, the protagonist of the story) and a prisoner.
4. Mr Stephens, a Prison Officer
5. Mr Jackson, a Prison Officer
6. Stuart McLerry- An Invigilator (Parson)
7. Mr Carter – Detective Superintendent
8. Mr Bell- Detective Chief Inspector

Summary of "Evans Tries an O-Level" by Colin Dexter:

The story revolves around James Evans, a cunning prisoner at Oxford Prison, known for his multiple escape attempts. He expresses a desire to take the O-Level exam in German, raising suspicion among the prison authorities. The prison governor, determined to prevent Evans from using the exam as an opportunity to escape, takes several precautions, including strict surveillance and frisking the invigilator, Reverend Stuart McLeery.

However, despite these measures, Evans manages to pull off a brilliant escape. Disguised as McLeery, who was supposedly injured, Evans tricks the prison officers into believing he was the invigilator. The real McLeery is found bound and gagged later. The authorities are misled into chasing after false clues, and Evans successfully escapes.

In a twist, the governor later finds Evans at a hotel, but due to a final oversight, Evans manages to escape again, this time with the help of his friends. The story ends with Evans getting the last laugh as he escapes once more.

"Evans Tries an O-Level" की हिंदी में कहानी सारांश:

कहानी ऑक्सफ़ोर्ड जेल के कैदी जेम्स इवांस के बारे में है, जो अपने कई बार जेल से भागने के लिए जाना जाता है। इवांस ओ-लेवल की जर्मन परीक्षा देने की इच्छा व्यक्त करता है, जिससे जेल अधिकारियों को संदेह होता है। जेल अधीक्षक उसकी परीक्षा के दौरान भागने से रोकने के लिए कड़े इंतजाम करते हैं, जिसमें इवांस के सेल की निगरानी और परीक्षा कक्ष में माइक्रोफोन लगाने जैसी व्यवस्था शामिल है।

हालांकि, सभी एहतियातों के बावजूद, इवांस एक होशियारी से तैयार की गई योजना के तहत सफलतापूर्वक भाग जाता है। वह परीक्षा निरीक्षक स्टुअर्ट मैक्लीरी का वेश धारण करता है और खुद को घायल दिखाता है। जेल के अधिकारी उसे असली निरीक्षक समझकर उसे बाहर ले जाते हैं। असली मैक्लीरी बाद में बंधा हुआ पाया जाता है।

कहानी के अंत में, जब जेल अधीक्षक इवांस को एक होटल में पकड़ता है, तो वह फिर से एक गलती करता है जिससे इवांस दोबारा भागने में सफल हो जाता है। कहानी इवांस की होशियारी और अंतिम हंसी के साथ समाप्त होती है।

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"Evans Tries an O-Level" کا اردو میں خلاصہ:

یہ کہانی جیمز ایوانز کی ہے، جو آکسفورڈ جیل کا ایک چالاک قیدی ہے، جو کئی بار جیل سے فرار ہو چکا ہے۔ وہ او-لیول کی جرمن امتحان دینے کی خواہش ظاہر کرتا ہے، جس پر جیل کے حکام کو شبہ ہوتا ہے۔ جیل کے گورنر ایوانز کی امتحان کے دوران نگرانی کے لیے سخت احتیاطی تدابیر اپناتے ہیں، جیسے کہ اس کے سیل کی نگرانی اور امتحان کے کمرے میں مائیکروفون نصب کرنا۔

تاہم، ایوانز بڑی ہوشیاری سے تیار کی گئی ایک منصوبہ بندی کے تحت کامیابی سے فرار ہو جاتا ہے۔ وہ امتحان کے انویجیلیٹر سٹیورٹ میکلری کا بہروپ اختیار کرتا ہے اور خود کو زخمی ظاہر کرتا ہے۔ جیل کے حکام اسے اصل انویجیلیٹر سمجھ کر باہر لے جاتے ہیں۔ بعد میں اصل میکلری کو باندھا ہوا پایا جاتا ہے۔

کہانی کے آخر میں، جب جیل کا گورنر ایوانز کو ایک ہوٹل میں پکڑتا ہے، تو وہ ایک بار پھر غلطی کرتا ہے، اور ایوانز دوبارہ فرار ہونے میں کامیاب ہو جاتا ہے۔ کہانی ایوانز کی چالاکی اور آخری کامیابی کے ساتھ ختم ہوتی ہے۔

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Comprehension Questions and Answers:

1. What kind of person was Evans?

   • Evans was a clever and cunning prisoner known for his multiple escapes. Despite appearing harmless, he was a master at manipulating situations to his advantage. His knack for escaping earned him the nickname "Evans the Break."

2. What precautions were taken for the smooth conduct of the examination?

   • The prison authorities took several precautions to prevent Evans from escaping. His cell was thoroughly checked, officers were posted nearby, and even the invigilator, Reverend McLeery, was frisked before entering the cell. A microphone was also placed in Evans's cell to allow the Governor to listen to the proceedings.

3. How did Evans escape from the prison?

   • Evans cleverly disguised himself as Reverend McLeery after incapacitating the real invigilator. He faked an injury, convincing the prison officers to help him leave the prison under the guise of taking him to the hospital. The prison staff failed to recognize the impersonation, allowing Evans to escape.

4. What could the Governor have done to securely bring back Evans to prison when he caught him at the Golden Lion?

   • The Governor could have taken stricter measures, such as ensuring that Evans was handcuffed securely and personally overseeing his transport back to the prison. Instead, his lack of caution and overconfidence allowed Evans to escape once again.

5. Reflecting on the story, what did you feel about Evans’ having the last laugh?

   • Evans' final escape, despite the Governor’s efforts, emphasizes his cunning nature and intelligence. While the Governor had moments of victory, his underestimation of Evans led to his failure, allowing Evans to have the last laugh.

6. When Stephens comes back to the cell, he jumps to a conclusion, and the whole machinery blindly goes by his assumption. Does this show how hasty conjectures can prevent one from seeing the obvious?

   • Yes, Stephens' assumption that the injured man was McLeery, without verifying his identity, demonstrates how hasty decisions can lead to serious consequences. Evans had anticipated this negligence, using it to his advantage.

7. While we condemn the crime, we are sympathetic to the criminal. Is this the reason why prison staff often develop a soft corner for those in custody?

   • Prison staff might develop a soft corner for prisoners due to prolonged interactions and understanding of their circumstances. However, this sympathy can sometimes cloud their judgment, as seen with the Governor, who underestimated Evans' capacity for escape.

8. Do you agree that between crime and punishment, it is mainly a battle of wits?

   • Yes, in this story, the entire episode is a battle of wits between Evans and the prison authorities. Evans outsmarts the system through his clever planning, while the authorities, despite their efforts, fail to anticipate his ingenuity.

 Multiple Choice Question and Extract Base Questions on 'Evans Tries an O-Level

Poets and Pancakes - Extract Based Questions

Read the extracts given below and answer the questions that follow:

Q. 1. His success in films overshadowed and dwarfed his literary achievements-or so his critics felt. He composed several truly original story poems, in folk refrain and diction and also wrote a sprawling novel Thillana Mohanambal with dozens of very defty etched characters. He quite successfully recreated the mood and manner of the Devdasis of the early 20th century. He was an amazing actor-he never aspired to the lead roles- but whatever subsidiary role he played in any of the films, he performed better than the supposed main players. He has a genuine love for anyone he came across and his house was a permanent residence for dozens of near and far relations and acquaintances.

(CBSE Question Bank, 2021)

1. Which of these statements is NOT TRUE about Subbu?

1. His literary accomplishments stole the limelight from his films.

2. He was a gifted poet and writer and his literary works were noteworthy.

3. He was selfless in nature and was towards others. Empathetic

4. He never hankered after lead roles and performed minor roles in films.

2. The word 'sprawling' has been used with the word 'novel'. Pick the option with which the word 'sprawling' CANNOT be used.

1. Metropolis

2. Handwriting

3. Campus

4. Portrait

3. The phrase 'deftly etched' shows that Subbu 

1. created the roles delicately

2. was skilful in creating the characters.

3. pondered beyond necessity about the characters

4. gave very little thought to the characters.

4. Pick the options that best describe Subbu according to the extract.
   1. Benevolent
   2. Powerful
   3. Accomplished
   4. Witty
   5. Generous
   6. Temperamental

1. 4,5 & 6

2. 2, 3 & 4

3. 1, 3 & 5

4. 3, 4 & 6

5. Pick the quote which best describes Subbu's role in Gemini Studios based on the story. (CBSE Question Bank, 2021)
   1. Life's too short to hang out with people who aren't resourceful.
   2. The more a person limits himself, the more resourceful he becomes.
   3. Success is not about your resources. It's about how resourceful you are with what you have.
   4. Resourcefulness: Seeing where you want to go and taking the first step.

1. Option 1

2. Option 2

3. Option 3

4. Option 4

6. What was the full name of Subbu?

1. K. Mangalam Subbu

2. Subbu K. Mangalam

3. Kothamangalam Subbu

4. Kotmangalam Subbu

ANSWER

1-A, 2-D, 3-B, 4-C, 5-C, 6-C

Class XII - English Core - Flamingo - Chapter 6 - Poets and Pancakes

Poets and Pancakes

Class XII - English Core - Flamingo - Chapter 6

Contents

• Summary of the Chapter
• Detailed Notes
• Questions & Answers
• Understanding the Text
• Talking about the Text
• Interactive Quiz

Related Links

• Themes in Poets and Pancakes
• Charactersketch of Kothamangalam Subbu
• Extract-Based Questions

Summary of the Chapter

This chapter has been taken from "My Years with Boss", written by Asokamitran. Asokamitran worked in Gemini Studios, a very famous film studio of its time. His job in the studio was to cut newspaper clippings on various topics and maintain a file.

Through this write-up, Asokamitran brings up a lot of topics pertaining to the film industry in particular and India in general and provides the reader with a glimpse of Independent India in its infancy.

He first takes up the make-up department and makes fun of the trouble that the artists took to look "ugly" and the pain they underwent under the glare of the big light bulbs. In fact, the term 'pancakes' refers to the brand name of make-up material, which was excessively by the artists of the Gemini Studio.

He talks of the office boy, a grown-up man of forty years who once aspired to be a director but blames Subbu(the number 2 in the studio) for his current state of affairs. Thus, Asokamitran highlights the plight of thousands of aspiring actors, directors and producers who end in umpteen oblivious jobs in any such studio.

Kothamangelam Subbu, the number two in Gemini studio, is a story in himself. He is very talented, a poet, novelist, actor and filmmaker. He is an all-rounder and very loyal to his boss.

Another character that comes into focus at Gemini Studios is the legal advisor, who wears Western clothes among the rest of the Khadi-clad gentry.

Asokamitran also tells about the manner in which the legal advisor ruins the career of a talented actress unwittingly.

Communism also finds a place in the musings of Asokamitran. At that time of India, the educated folk took pride in showing their support for Communism, and Gemini Studios was no exception. In the same stride, he also mentions the anti-communism movement run by the West. In this context, he mentions the play troupe of the poet/editor who visited the studio. Later on, he discovers that the poet was, in fact, the editor of the then-famous magazine 'The Encounter.'

Detailed Notes

Pancake

• Pancake was the brand name of a make-up material. The Gemini Studios bought a lot of it.
• Make-up men used it to turn decent-looking players into hideous-looking monsters.
• In fact, it was because most of the shooting of a film was done on the sets.
• The set and studio lights required that every pore of the players’ faces was closed.
• A strict hierarchy was maintained in the make-up department to make the players look ugly.
  • The chief make-up man made the hero and heroine ugly
  • His senior assistant made the ‘second’ hero and heroine ugly
  • It went on in like manner
  • It was the office boy’s job to make the crowd players ugly.

The Office Boy

• The make-up department had an office boy. He was not a boy but a 40-year-old man
• He had joined the studios years ago
• He believed he had great talent and hoped to become a star actor, director, screenwriter or lyric writer.
• But he was frustrated → He blamed his disgrace on Kothaman.
• Galam Subbu → who was considered No. 2 at the Gemini Studios.

The Make-up room

• The make-up department was upstairs of a building that was said to have been Robert Clive’s stables.
• The make-up room looked like a hair-cutting salon because it had large mirrors and lights.
• The lights gave out intense heat → The person who underwent make-up had a miserable experience of being scorched as if in hell.

Author appears to be idle:

• The nature of the author’s job appeared to be insignificant.
• He was usually seen tearing newspapers
• Everybody would walk into his cubicle and want to give him some work to do.
• The office boy would come in to recite his poems. He wished to impress the author by his talent and how it was going to waste on account of Subbu.

Kothamangalam Subbu

• The office boy was frustrated. Probably, he was jealous of Subbu’s nature.
• Subbu was very close to the boss. He had no better qualification than the boy.
• But he had worked hard to reach this position.
• Subbu had a more affluent exposure because he was a Brahmin. He would remain cheerful in spite of failures.
• He had talents which he used to the advantage of his Boss.
• Whenever the Boss had any difficulty in presenting a scene in a film, Subbu would suggest a number of practical ideas.
• Subbu was a good poet, too. He could write poems of a high order.
• But he deliberately suppressed his talent to write for the masses.
• He was a novelist, too. He had written a novel in which he recreated the moods and manner of the Devadas of the early 20th century.
• He had created life-like characters too.
• Subbu was an excellent actor. But he never aspired for lead roles.
• But whatever minor roles he played, he acted better than the leading players.
• Subbu loved all. Several friends and relatives stayed with him for long periods.
  • He never gave a thought to the money he spent to support
• The office boy hated him → Perhaps Subbu appeared to him a sycophant.

Story Department:

• Though Subbu was always seen with the Boss, he was a member of the story department.
• Besides writers and poets in the story department, there was a lawyer too.
  • Officially, he was known as a legal advisor, but people called him by an opposite name.
• Once, the legal advisor unwittingly ruined the career of a talented actress.

Incident relating to an actress:

• An actress who was not seasoned in worldly wisdom lost her temper on the sets. She spoke angrily against the producer.
• The legal advisor switched on the recording equipment when she paused; he played back the record.
• The actress was dumbfounded to hear her own voice. Though she had not said anything offensive, she never appeared on the stage again.

Anti-communism perception:

• The legal advisor wore trousers, a shirt and a tie. Sometimes, he wore a coat, too.
• He appeared odd among the khadi-clad poets and writers.
• The poets worshipped Gandhiji, though they had no affiliation to his ideas.
• But they were averse to communism.
• They had a notion that communists loved nobody. He was an anarchic.

Arrival of MRA

• The feelings against communism were widespread in South India
• The Moral Re-Armament Army was a sort of anti-communism movement. It visited Gemini Studios in 1952.
• They were about 200 people belonging to at least 20 nationalities.
• They presented two plays, ‘Jotham Valley’ and the ‘Forgotten Factor’, in a most professional manner.
• The Gemini family of six hundred and the citizens of Madras were greatly impressed by their plays.
• Their message was simple but the sets and costumes were excellent.
• For many years, the Tamil drama imitated → The sunrise and sunset scenes presented by the MRA.
• The scenes were presented on a base stage with a white background and a tune played on the flute.
• But the MRA did not influence the outlook of the Gemini Bosses.
• The staff had enjoyed hosting the MRA

Visit to an Englishman:

• A few months later, Gemini Studios received another guest.
• It was an Englishman. Nobody knew who he was.
• Some said he was a poet. Some believed he was an editor because the topmen of The Hindi were taking the initiative.
• But he was not the editor of any of the newspapers the staff of Gemini Studios had heard of.
• The Englishman was welcomed by the Boss, Mr Vason.
• He read out a long speech talking about freedom and democracy.
• Then the Englishman spoke → who could not be expected to have any interest in English poetry.
• The visit of the Englishman remained a mystery.

Mystery solved

• The author saw a notice in the Hindu.
• The Encounter, a British periodical, was organising a short story contest. The author had never heard the name of the periodical.
• He wanted to send on entry → but wanted to have information before.
• He visited the British Council library. These he found copies of the Encounter.
• He learned that its editor was Stephen Spender, → who visited the Gemini Studios.
• After a few years – The author retired
• One day, he saw a pile of low-priced paperback editions of ‘The God that Failed.’ He bought a copy.
• It contained six different essays by six different writers.
• They described the writers ‘Journeys into communism and the disillusioned return.
• One of the writers was Stephen Spender
• The whole mystery of Spender’s visit was cleared.
• Mr. Vason was not interested in his poetry but in his views on Communism.

Questions & Answers

1. 1. What does the writer mean by ‘the fiery misery’ of those subjected to make-up’?

   The incandescent bulbs used in the make-up room produced a lot of heat and caused a lot of discomfort to the artists while in the make-up room. Every actor had to undergo some sort of make-up before shooting and suffered the heat of the bulbs in the room. This misery has been referred to as fiery in the lesson.

2. 2. What is the example of national integration the author refers to?

   The make-up division of the Gemini Studios was an example of national integration. According to the author, this is because people from different regions and religious groups worked together in the same department. The department was headed by a Bengali who was succeeded by a Maharashtrian. The other helpers included a Dharwar Kannadiga, an Andhra, a Madras Indian Christian, an Anglo-Burmese and the local Tamils.

3. 3. What work did the 'office boy' do in the Gemini Studios? Why did he join the studios? Why was he disappointed?

   The office boy applies makeup on the lesser-known actors who usually play the role crowd. He would mix various potions and apply them to the group playing actors in the most unprofessional way. He had joined the studios hoping that he would become a star actor someday or hold a prominent position in the film industry. But he failed and remained a mere 'office boy' and this left him perpetually disappointed.

4. 4. Why was the office boy frustrated? Who did he show his anger on?

   The office boy was frustrated because despite getting a good opening, he remained only an office boy. He had had a good formal education and would write poetry also. But his great literary talent was being allowed to go to waste. He showed his anger at Kothamangalam Subbu, the No. 2 at Gemini Studios.

5. 5. Who was the Boss of Gemini Studios?

   Mr. S.S Vasan was the Boss of Gemini Studios.

6. 6. What caused the lack of communication between the Englishman and the people at Gemini Studios?

   Most of the 600-odd people at Gemini Studios were Tamil speakers. The Englishman was addressing them in his own language. He had a peculiar accent. Hence, there was a lack of communication between the Englishman and the people who could not follow what he was saying.

7. 7. Why is the Englishman’s visit referred to as unexplained mystery?

   The Englishman’s visit to the Gemini Studios is referred to as an unexplained mystery because no one could decipher his identity, whether he was a poet or an editor. Besides, when he spoke, no one at the studio understood what he intended to say, as his accent was beyond their comprehension.

8. 8. Who was the English visitor to the studios?

   The English visitor to the Gemini Studios was Stephen Spender. He was the editor of The Encounter, a British Periodical, and a famous English poet, essayist and novelist of the twentieth century.

9. 9. How did the author discover who the English visitor to the studios was?

   Before investing money in participating in a short story contest organised by an English periodical, The Encounter, the author did research on the magazine. He went to the British Council Library where, while going through an issue of that periodical, he discovered that its editor was Stephen Spender, the poet who had once visited the studio.

10. 10. What does ‘The God that Failed’ refer to?

    'The God That Failed' was a compilation of six essays written by six eminent writers, namely, Andre Gide, Richard Wright, Ignazio Silone, Arthur Koestler, Louis Fischer and Stephen Spender. In each of the essays, the respective writers described “their journeys into Communism and their disillusioned return”.

Understanding the Text

1. 1. The author has used gentle humour to point out human foibles. Pick out instances of this to show how this serves to make the piece interesting.

   The instances of humour used by the author mark the eccentricities and idiosyncrasies without making any direct and rude comment about anybody. For instance, the author portrays the make-up artists and the usage of the pancakes in an exciting way. Even the caricature of Subbu is hilarious. The way he tries to help his principal by offering quick solutions to his problems is quite amusing. The episode of the legal adviser that inadvertently causes the end of an actress’s career is yet another example. The frustration of the office boy, the superficial praising of Gandhi, hatred of Communism and the ‘mystery’ surrounding Stephen Spender are some of the instances where the author has incorporated gentle humour.

2. 2. Why was Kothamangalam Subbu considered No. 2 in Gemini Studios?

   Kothamangalam Subbu succeeded in securing the place closest to The Boss by means of flattery. He was not brilliant but a rather cheerful person and exceedingly loyal to The Boss. He offered solutions whenever The Boss was in a fix. Thus, the other employees considered him No.2 in Gemini Studios.

3. 3. How does the author describe the incongruity of an English poet addressing the audience at Gemini Studios?

   The English poet was addressing the Tamil audience at Gemini Studios in English with a typical provincial accent. He was talking about the thrills and travails of an English poet to a dazed and silent audience. This was the incongruity because his audience could not understand him at all.

4. 4. What do you understand about the author’s literary inclinations from the account?

   The writer was a prose-writer. He wanted to send a short story for the short story contest organised by a British periodical by the name 'The Encounter'.

Talking about the Text

Discuss in small groups taking off from points in the text.

1. 1. Film production today has come a long way from the early days of the Gemini Studios.
   

   Film production is more technical nowadays. While earlier, only five per cent of the shooting was done outdoors, nowadays, outdoor shooting is no longer limited to such a negligible percentage. The cameras and other equipment are more advanced, allowing for a more varied and accurate presentation.
   The quality of make-up has improved many folds from the days of the Gemini Studios, where only pancake was used. The people involved in various departments are experts in their specialised work, be it the director, producer, scriptwriter, lyricist or actors. The overall quality of the films is more striking and lively.

2. 2. Poetry and films.
   

   In India, poetry and films are intricately linked. The people at Gemini Studios all claimed to have the talents of a poet. The main reason behind it was their monotonous and leisurely life at the studios. However, these people were not knowledgeable or educated enough to be poets. Unlike poetry, films can be enjoyed by people with little resources who cannot afford to cultivate a taste for poetry and literature.

3. 3. Humour and criticism.
   

   The story is interspersed with instances dipped in subtle humour. The humorous instances, however, make interesting and relevant comments on the behaviour of general people. A humorous story has more readers, and a humorous film has more viewers. This is because they provide entertainment and a respite from the tedious existence. Criticism by means of humour is more effective; hence, writers and filmmakers often use humorous elements in their works and make sarcastic comments and criticism.

Interactive Quiz

1. What was the brand name of the make-up material heavily used at Gemini Studios?

a) Maybelline b) Pancake c) Lakmé d) Max Factor

2. What was the author Asokamitran's main job at the studio?

a) Applying make-up b) Writing scripts c) Cutting out newspaper clippings d) Directing films

3. Who did the "office boy" blame for his lack of success?

a) The Boss, Mr. Vasan b) The legal advisor c) Stephen Spender d) Kothamangalam Subbu

4. The make-up room was located in a building that was believed to have been...

a) a royal palace b) Robert Clive's stables c) an old temple d) a British administrative office

5. The Moral Re-Armament Army (MRA) was primarily known as what kind of movement?

a) A pro-communism movement b) A literary movement c) An anti-communism movement d) A religious movement

6. Who was the mysterious English visitor to the studios eventually revealed to be?

a) Charlie Chaplin b) A British film director c) Stephen Spender d) A member of the MRA

7. What did the legal advisor do that ended an actress's career?

a) He fired her on the spot b) He secretly recorded and played back her angry words c) He gave her bad legal advice d) He spread rumors about her

8. What was Kothamangalam Subbu's official position in the studio hierarchy?

a) The Boss b) Head of the make-up department c) No. 2 at Gemini Studios d) The legal advisor

9. The book 'The God that Failed' was a collection of essays describing writers' journeys into and out of what ideology?

a) Capitalism b) Fascism c) Communism d) Anarchism

10. What was the "fiery misery" in the make-up room?

a) The angry make-up artists b) The arguments between actors c) The intense heat from the incandescent lights d) The spicy food served for lunch