Learn the format, structure and language of a debate for Class 11 English. This guide includes the CBSE word limit and marking scheme, two solved examples, practice topics and an interactive quiz.
1. What is debate writing?
A debate is a formal discussion in which speakers present arguments for or against a given statement. In a written debate, you are asked to take one clear position and support it with reasons, examples and facts. You do not write both sides of the issue unless the question specifically asks you to compare them.
A debate is not simply an essay. It addresses an audience, states a clear stand and tries to persuade readers through logical arguments. A good debate also considers an opposing view and answers it politely.
2. Format of a debate
There is no single compulsory layout for every school debate, but the following format is suitable for a Class XI examination answer:
Respected Chairperson, honourable judges, teachers and dear students,
Good morning. I stand before you to speak for/against the motion that “...”.
[Present your arguments, examples and a response to the opposing view.]
To conclude, ...
Thank you.
3. Structure and key parts
| Part | What to write |
|---|---|
| Salutation | Address the chairperson, judges, teachers and audience politely. |
| Opening and stand | Introduce the motion and state whether you support or oppose it. |
| Main arguments | Give two or three clear reasons. Explain each reason briefly. |
| Examples or evidence | Use a relevant example, fact or familiar situation to support your points. Do not invent statistics. |
| Counterargument | Mention a likely opposing view and explain why your position is stronger. |
| Conclusion | Restate your stand in a memorable way and thank the audience. |
4. Useful expressions for debate writing
| Purpose | Useful expressions |
|---|---|
| Introducing your stand | I strongly support the motion that... / I stand firmly against the motion that... |
| Adding a point | First of all... / Another important reason is... / Moreover... |
| Giving an example | For example... / A clear example of this is... / We can see this when... |
| Opposing an argument | Some may argue that... / It may be said that... / However, this view ignores... |
| Concluding | For these reasons... / I therefore urge you to... / Let us remember that... |
5. How to write a debate
- Understand the motion.
Read the statement carefully. Identify the issue and the two possible positions. - Choose one side.
Decide whether you will speak for or against the motion. Follow the side asked for in the question. - Plan two or three arguments.
Choose points that are different from one another. Put your strongest point near the beginning or end. - Support your points.
Use examples from school, daily life or current affairs. Avoid unsupported figures and claims. - Address the other side.
Briefly mention one opposing argument and explain why you do not agree with it. - Conclude clearly.
Restate your position and end with a strong final line. - Check the word count.
Keep the answer between 120 and 150 words, as required by the CBSE task.
6. Solved debate examples
The following examples show how to write on the same motion from opposite positions. In an examination, write only the side asked for in the question.
Motion: Online Education Is Better Than Classroom Learning
Respected Chairperson, honourable judges, teachers and dear students,
Good morning. I stand before you to support the motion that online education is better than classroom learning.
Online classes allow students to learn from any place and save time spent travelling. Recorded lessons can be watched again, helping learners understand difficult topics. Digital platforms also provide access to teachers, books and courses from around the world. This is especially helpful for students who live far from good schools.
Some argue that online learning reduces personal contact. However, regular discussions and live classes can address this problem. Technology cannot replace every part of a classroom, but it can make learning more flexible and accessible.
I therefore believe that online education, when used well, is a strong way forward. Thank you.
Word count: 128 words, including salutation and closing.
Motion: Online Education Is Better Than Classroom Learning
Respected Chairperson, honourable judges, teachers and dear students,
Good morning. I stand before you to oppose the motion that online education is better than classroom learning.
A school is more than a place where lessons are delivered. In a classroom, students ask questions freely, work in teams and learn social skills. Teachers can notice confusion and guide learners immediately. Sports, laboratory work, art and group activities also help children grow, but these are difficult to conduct fully online.
Supporters of online learning point to its convenience. Yet, not every student has a reliable internet connection or a suitable device. Online classes can also bring distractions and long screen time.
Technology is useful, but it should support, not replace, the classroom. For these reasons, I oppose the motion. Thank you.
Word count: 129 words, including salutation and closing.
What makes these examples effective?
- Both begin with a suitable salutation and clearly state the speaker's position.
- Each presents relevant reasons instead of making unsupported claims.
- Each acknowledges an opposing view and responds to it.
- The conclusion repeats the position and gives the speech a clear ending.
- Both remain within the 120–150-word range.
7. Common mistakes and exam tips
Common mistakes
- Failing to state whether you are for or against the motion.
- Writing a general essay instead of addressing the audience.
- Presenting both sides without taking a clear position.
- Repeating the same argument in different words.
- Using emotional claims without reasons or examples.
- Inventing facts, statistics or quotations.
- Exceeding the word limit or writing far below it.
Exam tips
- Spend a minute planning your stand and main points.
- Use two or three well-explained arguments.
- Keep the tone confident, polite and formal.
- Use linking words to connect your ideas.
- Give a brief response to one opposing argument.
- Leave a little time to check grammar, spelling and word count.
8. Practice questions
Write a debate of 120–150 words on each topic. Follow the side mentioned in the question.
- Social Media Does More Harm Than Good: Write for or against the motion.
- Homework Should Be Abolished: Write in favour of the motion.
- Artificial Intelligence Is a Help, Not a Threat to Students: Write against the motion.
- School Uniforms Should Be Compulsory: Write for the motion.
- Examinations Are Not the Best Way to Judge a Student's Ability: Write for or against the motion.
- Mobile Phones Should Be Allowed in Schools: Write against the motion.
9. Interactive quiz: Test your understanding
Choose the best answer. You will receive feedback after each question.
10. Frequently asked questions
What is the word limit for debate writing in Class XI?
The CBSE Class XI English Core 2026–27 task requires a debate of 120–150 words.
How many marks does debate writing carry?
It carries 5 marks: 1 mark for format, 2 marks for content and 2 marks for expression.
Should I write both sides of the motion?
No. You should take the side asked for in the question and support it. You may briefly mention an opposing argument and respond to it.
Is debate writing the same as essay writing?
No. A debate addresses an audience, clearly supports or opposes a motion and uses persuasive arguments. An essay usually presents ideas in a more general form.
Can I use personal opinions in a debate?
Yes. A debate asks you to take a position. Support your opinion with logical reasons and relevant examples.
Malik Mohd Arshad
English teacher, Aligarh Muslim University
